Cognition : processus cérébral qui se manifeste par des activités mentales visant à traiter de l'information selon une dynamique d'induction et de déduction.
cognition
Models in information behaviour research
Publication Type:
Journal ArticleSource:
Journal of Documentation, Volume 55, p.249-270 (1999)URL:
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filename=/published/emeraldabstractonlyarticle/pdf/2780550301.pdfKeywords:
behaviour; cognition; researchAbstract:
This paper presents an outline of models of information seeking and
other aspects of information behaviour, showing the relationship
between communication and information behaviour in general with
information seeking and information searching in information
retrieval systems. It is suggested that these models address issues at
various levels of information behaviour and that they can be related
by envisaging a ?nesting? of models. It is also suggested that, within
both information seeking research and information searching
research, alternative models address similar issues in related ways
and that the models are complementary rather than conflicting.
Finally, an alternative, problem-solving model is presented, which, it
is suggested, provides a basis for relating the models in appropriate
research strategies.
The Semantic Web and Human Inference: A Lesson from Cognitive Science
Soumis par admin le jeu, 05/08/2008 - 15:39.
Publication Type:
Conference PaperSource:
LNCS, Springer Verlag, Volume 4825, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.603-616 (2007)URL:
http://iswc2007.semanticweb.org/papers/603.pdfKeywords:
2007; application\_software; cognition; evaluation; human; human-computer\_interaction; inference; iswc; lesson; ontology\_(computer\_science); research\_05; science; semantic; semantic\_web; webAbstract:
For the development of Semantic Web technology, researchers and developers in the Semantic Web community need to focus on the areas in which human reasoning is particularly difficult. Two studies in this paper demonstrate that people are predisposed to use class-inclusion labels for inductive judgments. This tendency appears to stem from a general characteristic of human reasoning ? using heuristics to solve problems. The inference engines and interface designs that incorporate human reasoning need to integrate this general characteristic underlying human induction.
Web search strategies and human individual differences: Cognitive and demographic factors, Internet attitudes, and approaches
Soumis par admin le jeu, 05/08/2008 - 15:39.
Published in
Publication Type:
Journal ArticleSource:
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Volume 56, p.741-756 (2005)Keywords:
cognition; human; strategies; web searchAbstract:
The research reported here was an exploratory study that sought to discover the effects of human individual differences on Web search strategy. These differences consisted of (a) study approaches, (b) cognitive and demographic features, and (c) perceptions of and preferred approaches to Web-based information seeking. Sixty-eight master's students used AltaVista to search for information on three assigned search topics graded in terms of complexity. Five hundred seven search queries were factor analyzed to identify relationships between the individual difference variables and Boolean and best-match search strategies. A number of consistent patterns of relationship were found. As task complexity increased, a number of strategic shifts were also observed on the part of searchers possessing particular combinations of characteristics. A second article (published in this issue of JASIST; Ford, Miller, \& Moss, 2005) presents a combined analyses of the data including a series of regression analyses.
A cognitive support framework for ontology mapping
Soumis par admin le jeu, 05/08/2008 - 15:39.
Publication Type:
Conference PaperSource:
LNCS, Springer Verlag, Volume 4825, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.113-126 (2007)URL:
http://iswc2007.semanticweb.org/papers/113.pdfKeywords:
2007; cognition; framework; iswc; mapping; ontology; research\_05; supportAbstract:
Ontology mapping is the key to data interoperability in the semantic web. This problem has received a lot of research attention, however, the research emphasis has been mostly devoted to automating the mapping process, even though the creation of mappings often involve the user. As industry interest in semantic web technologies grows and the number of widely adopted semantic web applications increases, we must begin to support the user. In this paper, we combine data gathered from background literature, theories of cognitive support and decision making, and an observational case study to propose a theoretical framework for cognitive support in ontology mapping tools. We also describe a tool called CogZ that is based on this framework.
Models in information behaviour research
Publication Type:
Journal ArticleSource:
Journal of Documentation, Volume 55, p.249-270 (1999)URL:
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/ViewContentServlet?Filename=/published/emeraldabstractonlyarticle/pdf/2780550301.pdfKeywords:
behaviour; cognition; researchAbstract:
This paper presents an outline of models of information seeking and
other aspects of information behaviour, showing the relationship
between communication and information behaviour in general with
information seeking and information searching in information
retrieval systems. It is suggested that these models address issues at
various levels of information behaviour and that they can be related
by envisaging a ?nesting? of models. It is also suggested that, within
both information seeking research and information searching
research, alternative models address similar issues in related ways
and that the models are complementary rather than conflicting.
Finally, an alternative, problem-solving model is presented, which, it
is suggested, provides a basis for relating the models in appropriate
research strategies.
Web search strategies and human individual differences: Cognitive and demographic factors, Internet attitudes, and approaches
Soumis par admin le ven, 02/08/2008 - 21:38.
Published in
Publication Type:
Journal ArticleSource:
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Volume 56, p.741-756 (2005)Keywords:
cognition; human; strategies; web searchAbstract:
The research reported here was an exploratory study that sought to discover the effects of human individual differences on Web search strategy. These differences consisted of (a) study approaches, (b) cognitive and demographic features, and (c) perceptions of and preferred approaches to Web-based information seeking. Sixty-eight master's students used AltaVista to search for information on three assigned search topics graded in terms of complexity. Five hundred seven search queries were factor analyzed to identify relationships between the individual difference variables and Boolean and best-match search strategies. A number of consistent patterns of relationship were found. As task complexity increased, a number of strategic shifts were also observed on the part of searchers possessing particular combinations of characteristics. A second article (published in this issue of JASIST; Ford, Miller, \& Moss, 2005) presents a combined analyses of the data including a series of regression analyses.
A cognitive support framework for ontology mapping
Soumis par admin le ven, 02/08/2008 - 21:38.
Publication Type:
Conference PaperSource:
LNCS, Springer Verlag, Volume 4825, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.113-126 (2007)URL:
http://iswc2007.semanticweb.org/papers/113.pdfKeywords:
2007; cognition; framework; iswc; mapping; ontology; research\_05; supportAbstract:
Ontology mapping is the key to data interoperability in the semantic web. This problem has received a lot of research attention, however, the research emphasis has been mostly devoted to automating the mapping process, even though the creation of mappings often involve the user. As industry interest in semantic web technologies grows and the number of widely adopted semantic web applications increases, we must begin to support the user. In this paper, we combine data gathered from background literature, theories of cognitive support and decision making, and an observational case study to propose a theoretical framework for cognitive support in ontology mapping tools. We also describe a tool called CogZ that is based on this framework.
The Semantic Web and Human Inference: A Lesson from Cognitive Science
Soumis par admin le ven, 02/08/2008 - 21:38.
Publication Type:
Conference PaperSource:
LNCS, Springer Verlag, Volume 4825, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.603-616 (2007)URL:
http://iswc2007.semanticweb.org/papers/603.pdfKeywords:
2007; application\_software; cognition; evaluation; human; human-computer\_interaction; inference; iswc; lesson; ontology\_(computer\_science); research\_05; science; semantic; semantic\_web; webAbstract:
For the development of Semantic Web technology, researchers and developers in the Semantic Web community need to focus on the areas in which human reasoning is particularly difficult. Two studies in this paper demonstrate that people are predisposed to use class-inclusion labels for inductive judgments. This tendency appears to stem from a general characteristic of human reasoning ? using heuristics to solve problems. The inference engines and interface designs that incorporate human reasoning need to integrate this general characteristic underlying human induction.
