L'article passe en revue la recherche sur la visualisation de l'information, notamment l'information textuelle non structur\'ee. La visualisation, fond\'ee sur les capacit\'es perceptuelles de l'oeil humain, peut \^etre cat\'egoris\'ee en visualisation scientifique, logicielle et informationnelle. Les technologies de visualisation se r\'epartissent entre la repr\'esentation de l'information, l'interaction utilisateur-interface et l'analyse de l'information. Les biblioth\`eques \'electroniques, le Web et les communaut\'es virtuelles en constituent les trois principaux champs d'application. La recherche sur l'\'evaluation des syst\`emes de visualisation en est encore \`a ses d\'ebuts. La fouille de donn\'ees visuelles, la visualisation fond\'ee sur la r\'ealit\'e virtuelle et la visualisation pour la gestion des connaissances s'annoncent comme des pistes de recherche prometteuses.
This paper presents an outline of models of information seeking and
other aspects of information behaviour, showing the relationship
between communication and information behaviour in general with
information seeking and information searching in information
retrieval systems. It is suggested that these models address issues at
various levels of information behaviour and that they can be related
by envisaging a ?nesting? of models. It is also suggested that, within
both information seeking research and information searching
research, alternative models address similar issues in related ways
and that the models are complementary rather than conflicting.
Finally, an alternative, problem-solving model is presented, which, it
is suggested, provides a basis for relating the models in appropriate
research strategies.
This paper presents an outline of models of information seeking and
other aspects of information behaviour, showing the relationship
between communication and information behaviour in general with
information seeking and information searching in information
retrieval systems. It is suggested that these models address issues at
various levels of information behaviour and that they can be related
by envisaging a ?nesting? of models. It is also suggested that, within
both information seeking research and information searching
research, alternative models address similar issues in related ways
and that the models are complementary rather than conflicting.
Finally, an alternative, problem-solving model is presented, which, it
is suggested, provides a basis for relating the models in appropriate
research strategies.
L'article passe en revue la recherche sur la visualisation de l'information, notamment l'information textuelle non structur\'ee. La visualisation, fond\'ee sur les capacit\'es perceptuelles de l'oeil humain, peut \^etre cat\'egoris\'ee en visualisation scientifique, logicielle et informationnelle. Les technologies de visualisation se r\'epartissent entre la repr\'esentation de l'information, l'interaction utilisateur-interface et l'analyse de l'information. Les biblioth\`eques \'electroniques, le Web et les communaut\'es virtuelles en constituent les trois principaux champs d'application. La recherche sur l'\'evaluation des syst\`emes de visualisation en est encore \`a ses d\'ebuts. La fouille de donn\'ees visuelles, la visualisation fond\'ee sur la r\'ealit\'e virtuelle et la visualisation pour la gestion des connaissances s'annoncent comme des pistes de recherche prometteuses.